This paper is going to explore the possibilities of cloud computing, which effects different cloud architectures have and in which scenarios they are relevant. First, the basics of cloud computing are explained, how it basically works, and what the standard cloud models are. Afterwards different scenarios for cloud computing and their technological architectures are shown. To display how different cloud architectures can be build, the solutions of OpenStack and OpenNebula for creating a cloud infrastructure are introduced and compared to each other. To frame the paper, the topic will be shortly summarized in the end.
The cloud and cloud computing are topics everyone is currently talking about. It is often used as a buzzword in marketing to improve the sales just because it sounds modern. Nevertheless, the cloud is a very important topic in the IT environment nowadays. There are probably still a lot of companies that do not use cloud tools at all or just a small portion of the benefits, simply because they do not know what is possible and what is not possible.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
2 Basics of Cloud Computing
2.1 Service Models of Cloud Computing
2.2 Public, Private and Hybrid Clouds
2.2.1 Public Cloud
2.2.2 Private Cloud
2.2.3 Hybrid Cloud
3 Cloud Technologies
3.1 Virtualization
3.2 VMware ESXi
3.3 Containerization
4 Scenarios of Cloud Computing
4.1 Netflix
4.2 Salesforce
5 Implementation of a Cloud Architecture
5.1 OpenStack
5.2 OpenNebula
5.3 Comparison
5.3.1 Basics
5.3.2 Administration
5.3.3 Popularity and Distribution
5.3.4 Architecture
5.3.5 Hypervisors
5.3.6 Integration of ESXi
5.4 Integration of Docker
6 Conclusion
Objectives and Research Themes
This paper examines the fundamental concepts of cloud computing, exploring the impact of different cloud architectures and their relevance in various practical scenarios. It aims to clarify how organizations can implement their own cloud infrastructure by evaluating and comparing the technical solutions of OpenStack and OpenNebula.
- Core principles and service models of cloud computing (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS).
- Technical comparison of public, private, and hybrid cloud environments.
- Virtualization technologies including hypervisors and containerization.
- Practical implementation strategies using OpenStack and OpenNebula.
- Integration of containerization (Docker) within modern cloud architectures.
Excerpt from the Book
3.1 Virtualization
The major technology used today to handle cloud infrastructures is virtualization. Virtualized environments hide how resources are divided between the servers by offering an abstract view on the overall resources. For consumers, the resources seem to be infinite (see Fox et al. 2009: 2).
Virtualization basically means splitting up one computer in multiple parts, so several operations systems or applications can be executed at the same time. To achieve this, one or more physical hardware systems can be emulated software-sided by one physical computer. It appears like there is more than one physical computer, each with potentially different operation systems and applications running (see Dziak 2018).
To achieve the division between the different simulated computers, called virtual machines (VMs), a special piece of software is used to manage these machines – the virtual machine monitor, or more common, hypervisor. The hypervisor handles the hardware resources and coordinates which resources can be accessed by which virtual machine. The hypervisor can either be a minimized operation system that is directly installed on the hardware (type-1 hypervisor), or it can be a dedicated software running on top of a common operation system (type-2 hypervisor). Furthermore, it is differentiated between complete virtualization and para-virtualization. The former simulates a complete computer with every part of it. This approach is quite efficient in terms of computation power, but often lacks network or storage performance. The latter does not emulate hardware, but only offers an application programming interface for the guest operation system. Therefore, the mounted operation system must be individualized to use this interface. This approach is often used for applications that have a lot of storage and network throughput. Examples for complete virtualization hypervisors are KVM or VMware. For Para-virtualization Xen is used commonly (see Baun et al. 2011: 14 f. and Marinescu 2013: 383 f.).
Summary of Chapters
1 Introduction: Provides an overview of cloud computing, addressing its relevance and the scope of the paper, including the comparison of OpenStack and OpenNebula.
2 Basics of Cloud Computing: Defines cloud computing, describes the common service models (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS), and differentiates between public, private, and hybrid cloud deployments.
3 Cloud Technologies: Discusses the underlying technologies required for cloud infrastructure, specifically focusing on virtualization, VMware ESXi, and containerization.
4 Scenarios of Cloud Computing: Analyzes real-world applications of cloud computing by examining the architectures of Netflix and Salesforce.
5 Implementation of a Cloud Architecture: Compares the two implementation tools OpenStack and OpenNebula in terms of architecture, administration, and support, while also detailing Docker integration.
6 Conclusion: Summarizes the key findings regarding cloud architectures and their role in enhancing software development speed, scalability, and reliability.
Keywords
Cloud Computing, Software as a Service, Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, Virtualization, Hypervisor, OpenStack, OpenNebula, Containerization, Docker, VMware ESXi, IT Infrastructure
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this paper?
The paper provides a comprehensive overview of cloud computing, focusing on defining its basic concepts, service models, and the practical implementation of cloud architectures in organizational environments.
What are the primary cloud service models described?
The text details the three main service models: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
What is the main objective of the research?
The objective is to explore how different cloud architectures work, compare specific management tools like OpenStack and OpenNebula, and discuss how these technologies support scalable IT operations.
Which scientific methods or approaches are used?
The paper employs a literature-based analysis and comparison approach, contrasting the features, architectures, and market positioning of OpenStack and OpenNebula.
What is covered in the main section of the paper?
The main section covers technical cloud technologies (virtualization, containers), practical application scenarios (Netflix, Salesforce), and a technical comparison of OpenStack and OpenNebula implementations.
Which keywords best characterize this work?
Key concepts include cloud service models, virtualization, hypervisors, containerization, and infrastructure management platforms like OpenStack and OpenNebula.
How does the paper differentiate between virtualization and containerization?
The paper explains that virtualization splits physical hardware into multiple virtual machines, while containerization operates at a higher level of abstraction, virtualizing the operating system to achieve better resource efficiency.
What does the text conclude regarding the usage of OpenStack versus OpenNebula?
The text highlights that while both are open-source and capable, OpenStack is more modular and popular among large enterprises, whereas OpenNebula is often favored in scientific and research contexts for its bundled simplicity.
How does the integration of Docker change the cloud architecture approach?
Docker provides increased flexibility and portability for application deployment compared to traditional virtual machines, with both OpenStack and OpenNebula offering specific integration paths to manage containerized workloads.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Anonym (Autor:in), 2019, Cloud Architecture. What are the possibilities of cloud computing?, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.hausarbeiten.de/document/476745
