This investigation on mutation induced in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus) cv. American Beauty through physical and chemical mutagens was carried out at Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari (Gujarat). Corms were treated with different doses of gamma rays (5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 kR), EMS (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) and DES (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%). Different vegetative, floral and yield characters were taken under study.
The gladiolus is known worldwide for its attractive spikes and has gained much importance as 'Queen of bulbous flowers' with ever increasing demand in the flower market. Among the commercial flowers, the gladiolus is one of the most important flowers in India because of its majestic spikes containing attractive, elegant and delicate florets of various shades, sequential opening of flowers for a longer duration and good keeping quality of cut flowers.
Gladiolas need attention towards genetic improvement as the demand of flowers is increasing continuously. Since garden varieties of today come from diverse genetic parentage that are heteroploids ranging from 2n=30 to 180 and hypo aneauploids so the reproduction by seeds in this case has no meaning to maintain the varietal identity, but for evolution of new forms. Due to its heterozygosity in genetic constitutions, this makes it promising test material for induction of mutagens where only one or a few characters are to be improved upon without changing the entire genotype which offers promising possibilities. The gladiolus is vegetatively grown to perfection and so mutation breeding offers great potentialities as the mutated part can be conveniently perpetuated by vegetative means resulting in the development of new forms. Hence, the present investigation was conducted and the emphasis was laid on finding out desirable variations caused by physical mutagens (gamma radiations) and chemical mutagens (EMS & DES) in gladiolus cv. American Beauty.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Materials and Methods
- Results and Discussion
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of physical and chemical mutagens on the growth, flowering, and yield of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus) cv. American Beauty. The study aimed to identify optimal mutagen doses for inducing desirable variations without significantly compromising plant health.
- Effects of different doses of gamma rays, EMS, and DES on gladiolus growth.
- Analysis of vegetative and floral characteristics following mutagen treatment.
- Evaluation of yield parameters (number of corms, spikes, florets) after mutagen application.
- Assessment of pollen fertility and the occurrence of abnormalities.
- Comparison of mutagen effects with untreated control plants.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
Abstract: This abstract summarizes an investigation into the effects of gamma rays, EMS, and DES on gladiolus cv. American Beauty. Corms were treated with varying doses of each mutagen, and observations were made on various vegetative, floral, and yield characteristics. EMS at 0.5% showed promising results, improving several parameters, while higher doses of all mutagens proved detrimental.
Introduction: The introduction establishes the importance of gladiolus in the flower market and the need for genetic improvement. It highlights the challenges of traditional breeding due to gladiolus's heteroploidy and emphasizes the potential of mutation breeding as a technique to improve specific traits without altering the entire genotype. The study's focus on using gamma radiation, EMS, and DES to achieve this goal is clearly stated.
Materials and Methods: This section details the experimental design and procedure. It describes the specific doses of gamma rays, EMS, and DES used, the treatment methods for gladiolus corms, the experimental setup (Randomized Block Design), and the parameters measured. Statistical analysis methods are also mentioned.
Results and Discussion: This chapter presents the findings of the experiment, focusing on the effects of different mutagen treatments on various vegetative, floral, and yield characteristics of gladiolus. The results show that lower doses of EMS (0.5%) led to improvements in several parameters such as early sprouting and flowering, while higher doses of all mutagens caused adverse effects. The discussion analyzes these findings, relating them to similar studies and offering potential explanations for the observed results at both low and high mutagen doses. The impact on pollen fertility and the occurrence of vegetative and floral abnormalities are also discussed.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Gamma rays, EMS, DES, gladiolus, mutation, vegetative growth, floral characteristics, yield parameters, pollen fertility, mutagen effects.
FAQ: Effects of Physical and Chemical Mutagens on Gladiolus
What is the main objective of this study?
The study investigated the effects of gamma rays, EMS, and DES (physical and chemical mutagens) on the growth, flowering, and yield of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus) cv. American Beauty. The goal was to identify optimal mutagen doses for inducing beneficial variations without harming the plants.
What mutagens were used in the study?
The study employed three mutagens: gamma rays, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and diethyl sulfate (DES). Different doses of each mutagen were applied to the gladiolus corms.
What were the key parameters measured in the study?
The study measured various vegetative and floral characteristics, as well as yield parameters. These included growth rate, flowering time, number of corms, spikes, and florets, and pollen fertility. The occurrence of abnormalities was also assessed.
What were the main findings of the study?
Lower doses of EMS (0.5%) showed promising results, leading to improvements in several parameters such as early sprouting and flowering. However, higher doses of all mutagens had detrimental effects on the plants. The impact on pollen fertility and the occurrence of abnormalities were also evaluated and discussed.
What is the significance of the study's findings?
The study provides insights into the potential of mutation breeding to improve gladiolus traits. It highlights the importance of carefully selecting mutagen doses to optimize beneficial effects while minimizing negative impacts. The findings can inform future research and breeding programs aimed at improving gladiolus cultivars.
What methods were used in this study?
The study used a Randomized Block Design. Gladiolus corms were treated with varying doses of gamma rays, EMS, and DES. Detailed observations were made on vegetative, floral, and yield characteristics. Statistical analysis methods were employed to analyze the collected data.
What are the key themes explored in this study?
The key themes include the effects of different mutagens on gladiolus, optimization of mutagen doses, analysis of vegetative and floral characteristics, evaluation of yield parameters, assessment of pollen fertility, and comparison of treated plants with untreated controls.
Where can I find a detailed description of the experimental design and procedures?
The "Materials and Methods" chapter provides a comprehensive description of the experimental design, including the specific mutagen doses used, treatment methods, experimental setup, parameters measured, and statistical analysis methods.
How are the results and discussion presented?
The "Results and Discussion" chapter presents the findings of the experiment, focusing on the effects of different mutagen treatments on various vegetative, floral, and yield characteristics. The discussion analyzes these results, relating them to previous studies and offering potential explanations for the observed effects at different mutagen doses.
What are the keywords associated with this study?
Keywords include: Gamma rays, EMS, DES, gladiolus, mutation, vegetative growth, floral characteristics, yield parameters, pollen fertility, mutagen effects.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Sudha Patil (Autor:in), 2017, Mutation Induced in Gladiolas through Physical and Chemical Mutagens, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.hausarbeiten.de/document/376418
