Direct labour system is one of the several options of procurement used for project delivery process and records shows that it is the oldest procurement system and has been in use in Nigeria far back as the colonial era. It is very prominent in most countries and researchers described it as a system whereby a developer plans and organizes the project delivery process, carries out the design, the planning and procurement of resources and the construction of a project using client employed supervisory staff and labour. This type of system is regarded as in-house because client’s staffs as different from contractor’s staffs carry out the project delivery process and activities. Idoro, Iyagba and Odusami (2007) asserted that direct labour is mainly used for government projects. The use of the system is a good development in construction because it does not result in high staff strength and overhead costs in the Nigerian construction industry.
Table of Contents
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
1.5 LIMITATION AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.6 DEFINITION OF OPERATIONAL TERMS
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 CONCEPTS OF DIRECT LABOUR SYSTEM
2.2.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF DIRECT LABOUR SYSTEM
2.2.2 ADVANTAGES OF DIRECT LABOUR SYSTEM
2.2.3 DISADVANTAGES OF DIRECT LABOUR SYSTEM
2.2.4 ROLES OF CLIENT IN DIRECT LABOUR PROJECT
2.3 CONCEPTS OF CONSTRUCTION PROCUREMENT SYSTEM
2.4 SELECTION CRITERIA OF PROCUREMENT SYSTEM
2.5 EFFECT OF PROCUREMENT SYSTEM ON CONSTRUCTION PERFORMANCE
2.6 PROBLEMS OF DIRECT LABOUR PROJECT
2.6.1 TIME OVERRUN
2.6.2 COST OVERRUN
2.6.3 QUALITY DEFECTS
2.6.4 FACTORS THAT CAUSES TIME AND COST OVERRUN
2.6.5 FACTORS THAT CAUSES QUALITY DEFECT
2.7 PROJECT PLANNING
2.7.1 PROJECT MONITORING
2.7.2 PROJECT EVALUATION
2.7.3 PROJECT COST CONTROL
2.8 PREVIOUS STUDIES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 RESEARCH AREA
3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.4 SAMPLE SIZE
3.5 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
3.6 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.6.1 DEFINATION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE
3.6.2 CONSTRAINT IN DATA COLLECTION
3.6.3 DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DESCRIPTIVE DATA
4.3 DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS IN RESPECT OF STATED OBJECTIVES
4.4 Summary
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
Research Objectives and Themes
The primary objective of this research is to investigate the problems associated with the Direct Labour procurement system in Lagos State and analyze how these challenges influence the project delivery process and overall construction performance.
- Identification of core problems inherent in Direct Labour procurement methods.
- Analysis of causal factors leading to time and cost overruns in Direct Labour projects.
- Evaluation of the impact of procurement-related challenges on project performance metrics.
- Assessment of stakeholder satisfaction regarding the quality of output in Direct Labour project delivery.
Excerpt from the Book
2.6 PROBLEMS OF DIRECT LABOUR PROJECT
According to Parkman, Madelin and Robinson (2000), the level of dissatisfaction with Direct Labour system has risen in recent time in the United Kingdom. A lot of problems hinder its performance and they include, low productivity and high cost, loss of managerial authority by supervisors, the presence of a strong unionism actually limits it flexibility, inability to respond to changing needs, political interference and patronage, payment method is linked to presence not output, maintaining employment level in Direct labour organisation is now becoming than the project itself.
The World Bank Group (2001) claimed that competitive bidding have become a norm for construction of road and other civil works in most countries of the world but still there are countries that are short of independent contractors and in most cases construction work are mostly done by Direct Labour system or awarded to state construction agencies under negotiated basis, in many of these countries, not only are cost high and quality low, it is common for suppliers of construction materials and services to have monopoly power, further increasing inefficiency and lowering quality. In these situations, it is a combination of transferring work from the public to private sector and the introduction of competition into operations that is often the best way to decrease inefficiency and improve quality. As cited in Idoro et.al (2000), Olowo-Okere and Ogidan raises serious criticism over development of Direct Labour system by Government and its Agencies in Nigeria claiming that the system is wasteful because is wasteful because it involves high staff strength which leads high overhead expenditure.
Idoro (2009) in his appraisal and comparison of Direct Labour system and Design-Tender-Construct affirmed that time and cost overruns are imminent in both procurement methods and that government should create price control units in order to reduce cost overruns in Direct Labour procurement method projects.
Summary of Chapters
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY: Introduces the Direct Labour system as a traditional procurement method in Nigeria and outlines the research problem regarding project delivery failures.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW: Explores the conceptual framework of construction procurement, specifically detailing the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of the Direct Labour system.
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: Describes the systematic approach used to conduct the field survey, including population sampling, questionnaire administration, and data analysis techniques.
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS: Presents the statistical analysis of survey responses, focusing on the identification of problems and stakeholder perceptions of project quality.
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Summarizes the study's findings and suggests strategic improvements for Direct Labour organizations to enhance efficiency.
Keywords
Direct Labour, Procurement System, Construction Industry, Lagos State, Project Delivery, Time Overrun, Cost Overrun, Quality Defects, Stakeholder Satisfaction, Project Performance, Infrastructure Development, Construction Management, Public Projects, Resource Planning, Procurement Criteria.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core subject of this research?
The research focuses on investigating the operational and performance problems associated with the Direct Labour procurement method within the construction industry in Lagos State.
What are the central themes covered in the study?
The study covers the conceptual framework of procurement, factors causing time and cost overruns, quality control challenges, and stakeholder satisfaction in Direct Labour projects.
What is the primary objective of this work?
The primary aim is to identify the specific problems linked to Direct Labour, analyze their underlying causes, and examine their ultimate impact on construction project performance.
Which scientific methodology is employed?
The study utilizes a descriptive research design, employing field surveys with structured questionnaires distributed to industry professionals, analyzed using statistical packages like SPSS.
What topics are discussed in the main body of the work?
The main body discusses the evolution of procurement systems, the specific constraints of the Direct Labour model, project planning and monitoring, and empirical evidence regarding time, cost, and quality performance.
What keywords characterize this research?
The research is characterized by terms such as Direct Labour, procurement, construction performance, project delivery, cost and time overruns, and stakeholder perception.
How does political interference affect Direct Labour projects?
The study identifies political interference and patronage as the highest-ranked problem facing Direct Labour projects, negatively impacting the project delivery process.
What do the findings suggest regarding stakeholder satisfaction?
Despite identified performance issues, the study reveals a high level of stakeholder satisfaction regarding the final quality, durability, and serviceability of the completed projects.
What is the main recommendation for Direct Labour organizations?
The study recommends that public organizations should minimize government interference, focus on material cost control, and prioritize project delivery objectives over maintaining high employment levels.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Blessing Adegoke (Autor:in), 2010, Problems of direct Labour Projects procured in Lagos State, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.hausarbeiten.de/document/179103
