This monograph presents a comprehensive overview of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites incorporating amino acid-derived organic cations. It brings together the results of our studies on the synthesis, crystal structures, and physicochemical properties of these materials, providing a comparative analysis of their structural diversity and functional characteristics. Particular attention is paid to the influence of amino acid cation structure, inorganic framework composition, and synthesis conditions on crystal packing, structural dimensionality, phase transitions, and optical properties. By examining different amino acid-based systems within a common framework, the monograph highlights the relationships between organic cation characteristics, inorganic structural motifs, and the resulting properties of hybrid perovskites, offering insights into the design and development of new functional materials.
Table of Contents
1 Foundations of Amino Acid Based Hybrid Halides
2 Alanine Based Chiral Lead Halide Layers
3 Histidine Based Layered Lead Mixed Halides
4 Proline Directed Structural Diversity in Lead Bromides
5 Histidine Based Tin Mixed Halides and Photodetection
6 Cysteine Lead Iodide and Tunable Broadband Emission
Research Objectives and Core Themes
This monograph presents a comprehensive investigation into the crystal chemistry, structural diversity, and optoelectronic properties of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites incorporating amino acid-derived organic cations, specifically focusing on how organic moiety design and halide composition govern semiconductor and luminescent behavior.
- Synthesis and structural analysis of chiral lead and tin halide perovskites using amino-acid-derived cations
- Investigation of halide substitution effects on crystal packing, structural dimensionality, and optical band gaps
- Evaluation of thermal stability, phase transitions, and solid-state luminescence characteristics
- Exploration of structure-property relationships and stoichiometric sensitivity in directing inorganic connectivity
- Prototype device integration and assessment of photoconductive performance in selected tin-based systems
Excerpt from the Book
Foundations of Amino Acid Based Hybrid Halides
The materials examined in this volume are salts in which protonated amino-acid-derived ions coexist with extended lead- or tin-halide inorganic sublattices. Their structures cannot be predicted from the molecular cation alone. Metal-to-halide ratio, halide identity, hydration, acidity, temperature and crystallization regime all collectively govern the formation of the resulting crystalline phase. The organic component is nevertheless essential because its charge, shape and hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors define the space and interactions available between inorganic units.
Octahedral connectivity provides a convenient basis for categorizing these structures. In corner-sharing frameworks, the M–X–M angles are typically closer to 180°, which can enhance orbital coupling and band dispersion. Edge- and face-sharing connectivity produces smaller bridging angles and shorter metal–metal separations, resulting in different patterns of orbital overlap and electronic structure. The present set includes two-dimensional sheets assembled by mixed edge- and corner-sharing contacts, a face-sharing chain, and a honeycomb-like layer based on connected lead-bromide trimers. These labels describe the crystallographic network; they do not by themselves establish electronic dimensionality or charge-transport efficiency.
The four amino acids supply a controlled but chemically varied group of chiral precursors. Alanine, with its simple methyl side chain, provides the least structurally complex reference. Histidine contains an imidazole ring that introduces additional protonation and hydrogen-bonding sites; proline incorporates the amino nitrogen into a five-membered pyrrolidine ring, restricting molecular conformation; and cysteine bears a thiol group that enables additional sulfur-associated intermolecular contacts. The chapters use these differences to compare observed structures and properties, but they avoid treating any one functional group as a universal cause when composition and preparation also change.
Summary of Chapters
1 Foundations of Amino Acid Based Hybrid Halides: Establishes the foundational terminology, structural concepts, and comparative methodology utilized across all investigated chemical systems.
2 Alanine Based Chiral Lead Halide Layers: Examines four hydrated lead halides incorporating alpha-alanine to establish a structural and analytical baseline for enantiopure hybrid perovskites.
3 Histidine Based Layered Lead Mixed Halides: Analyzes a series of lead mixed-halide products spanning iodide and bromide end members to evaluate systematic optical tuning within a single structural family.
4 Proline Directed Structural Diversity in Lead Bromides: Demonstrates how varying reaction stoichiometry with an unchanging molecular precursor directs inorganic connectivity between chains and honeycomb-type slabs.
5 Histidine Based Tin Mixed Halides and Photodetection: Explores tin-based analogues to investigate electronic energy scale modifications and tests lead-free iodide performance in a prototype photoconductor.
6 Cysteine Lead Iodide and Tunable Broadband Emission: Investigates L-cysteine-directed lead iodide sheets featuring dual-band emission, variable-temperature luminescence, and anisotropic electronic structure calculations.
Keywords
Hybrid Perovskites, Crystal Chemistry, Chiral Materials, Amino Acid Cations, Lead Halides, Tin Halides, Optoelectronic Properties, Structural Dimensionality, Photoconductivity, Luminescence, X-ray Diffraction, DFT Calculations, Mixed Halides
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the primary focus of this monograph?
The monograph focuses on the synthesis, crystal chemistry, structural diversity, and optoelectronic properties of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites incorporating amino-acid-derived organic cations.
What are the central thematic areas covered in the book?
Key areas include structural characterization via X-ray diffraction, the influence of halide substitution and amino acid selection on inorganic connectivity, thermal behavior, and optical properties such as absorption and luminescence.
What is the core research objective or guiding question?
The research investigates how enantiopure molecular cations, precursor stoichiometry, and halide variations influence the formation, topology, and functional characteristics of low-dimensional hybrid metal halides.
Which scientific methods and techniques are utilized?
The study employs single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, vibrational and UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence measurements, and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
What topics are addressed in the main chapters?
The main chapters systematically examine specific chemical systems based on alanine, histidine, proline, and cysteine, detailing their synthesis, structural determinations, optical gaps, and optoelectronic device integration.
Which keywords best characterize the research?
Key terms include hybrid perovskites, crystal chemistry, chiral materials, amino acid cations, lead halides, tin halides, structural dimensionality, and photoluminescence.
How does alanine function within the comparative framework of the study?
Alpha-alanine provides the simplest structural and analytical reference point, establishing a homochiral lead-halide monohydrate baseline with an uncommon two-dimensional network before examining more elaborate amino acid systems.
What is the significance of proline-directed structural diversity in lead bromides?
Varying the proline-to-lead precursor ratio allows synthetic selection of inorganic topology—yielding either face-sharing lead-bromide chains or two-dimensional honeycomb-type slabs—without changing the organic ion or halide.
How do histidine-based tin mixed halides contribute to lead-free semiconductor research?
Replacing lead with tin modifies the electronic energy scale to achieve lower optical transition gaps, and testing the iodide end member in a prototype device demonstrates proof of concept for wide-wavelength photodetection.
What causes the tunable broadband emission observed in cysteine lead iodide?
The cysteine-directed lead iodide system exhibits temperature-dependent dual-band photoluminescence linked to lattice relaxation, exciton recombination, and anisotropic electronic structure with strong transport directionality.
- Arbeit zitieren
- Olesia I. Kucheriv (Autor:in), Valerii Y. Sirenko (Autor:in), Il’ya A. Gural’skiy (Autor:in), 2026, Amino Acid-Based Hybrid Lead and Tin Halide Perovskites, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.hausarbeiten.de/document/1788518
