This report is about the sport “Ultimate Frisbee” which is not known so well as for example soccer or rugby. However it is played all over the world by a lot of people, mostly students. In this essay there will be some general facts about Frisbee and a comparison between the sport in Germany and Scotland especially between my hometown Leipzig and Edinburgh.
In 1968 Joel Silver, who nowadays is one of the most prolific and successful producers of motion pictures such as the “Matrix” trilogy, introduced his idea of Ultimate Frisbee to the Columbia High School student council in Maplewood New Jersey, USA. In the next year the first game was played between two groups of students. The first and second sets of rules were written in 1970 by Joel Silver, Buzzy Hellring and Jon Hines. The first organised tournament, The National Collegiate Championships, was played on April 25th in 1975. Eight teams took part in a tournament in Yale. In 1983, the first true World Ultimate Championship was held in Gothenburg, Sweden. The European countries were represented by national teams.
In 1989, ultimate was shown as an exhibition sport during the World Games in Karlsruhe, West Germany. In 2001, ultimate was included as a medal sport in the World Games in Akita, Japan. Six countries were invited to compete based on their finishes in the WFDF 2000 World Ultimate Championship in Germany. Canada won the World Games gold medal with an overtime victory over the United States.
Ultimate is now played by an estimated 100,000 players in over 40 countries, with the Ultimate Players Association in the US having over 13,000 members. The 2002 WUCC in Hawaii was the largest Ultimate meet to date, with over 2,300 players and 120 teams from 24 countries participating.
Table of Contents
0 Introductions
1 Ultimate Frisbee
1.1 History
1.2 Rules
2 Ultimate Frisbee in Germany
2.1 Teams in Leipzig
3 Ultimate Frisbee in Scotland
3.1 Teams in Edinburgh
4 Summary
Objectives and Topics
The primary objective of this report is to provide an overview of the sport "Ultimate Frisbee," including its historical development, fundamental rules, and its presence in Germany and Scotland. The comparative analysis focuses specifically on the organisational structures and team environments in the cities of Leipzig and Edinburgh.
- Historical evolution of Ultimate Frisbee from its origins in the USA to a global sport.
- Technical rules, the concept of "turnover," and the "Spirit of the Game."
- Structural development of Ultimate Frisbee associations in Germany and the UK.
- Comparative analysis of specific team dynamics in Leipzig and Edinburgh.
Excerpt from the Book
1.2 Rules
Ultimate is played between two teams of seven players. At each end of the field is an "endzone" (as in American Football). These endzones are the goal-scoring areas. A point is scored when a team completes a pass to a player in their own endzone.
The main object of this sport is probably the Frisbee disc which has an interesting history, listed in Appendix 4. The following picture shows the actual patent drawing for the curve of a Frisbee disc.
Players are not allowed to run with the disc. If you catch the disc you must stop running and try to throw it to another player from your team. If you do not catch the disc or a defence player knocks it down then there is a possession change which is called “turnover”. There is also a possession change if a receiver is outside the playing area while catching the disc.
The team which has the defence tries to stop the team with the disc from making progress up field by marking them (as in soccer or basketball).
Ultimate is a non-contact game but if you think your defence player made a contact you can declare it as a ”foul” by keeping up your arm. Both involved player clear the situation either by accepting the foul or not-accepting. The decision determines where the disc is played on.
Summary of Chapters
0 Introductions: This chapter introduces the sport of Ultimate Frisbee and outlines the scope of the report, focusing on a comparison between Germany and Scotland.
1 Ultimate Frisbee: This section covers the historical origins of the sport and explains the basic rules and field mechanics of the game.
2 Ultimate Frisbee in Germany: This chapter details the history and organizational structure of the sport in Germany, with a specific look at teams in Leipzig.
3 Ultimate Frisbee in Scotland: This section discusses the governing bodies and the landscape of the sport in Scotland, specifically highlighting clubs in Edinburgh.
4 Summary: The concluding chapter synthesizes the findings regarding the growth of the sport in both nations and reflects on the shared "Spirit of the Game."
Keywords
Ultimate Frisbee, Sport, Germany, Scotland, Leipzig, Edinburgh, Rules, Tournament, History, Spirit of the Game, Team, Association, Championship, Frisbee Disc, Turnover
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this report?
The report provides an overview of Ultimate Frisbee, detailing its history, rules, and a comparison of the sport's development in Germany and Scotland.
What are the primary thematic fields covered?
Key themes include the historical background of the sport, technical game rules, national organizational structures, and the local club landscape in Leipzig and Edinburgh.
What is the ultimate goal of the research?
The goal is to compare how Ultimate Frisbee has developed as a growing sport in Germany versus Scotland and to highlight the similarities and differences in their local community structures.
Which scientific or analytical method is applied?
The work employs a descriptive and comparative analysis approach, utilizing historical data and organizational overviews to contrast the two regional sporting environments.
What topics are discussed in the main body?
The main body examines the evolution of the sport's rules, the history of national federations (like the UKUA and the German Frisbee Sport Association), and provides profiles of specific clubs like "Saxy Divers" and "Fusion."
Which keywords best describe the work?
The work is best characterized by terms such as Ultimate Frisbee, Sport, Germany, Scotland, Leipzig, Edinburgh, and Spirit of the Game.
How is the "Spirit of the Game" handled in the absence of referees?
The document explains that because there is no referee, players are responsible for maintaining fairness and resolving disputes themselves to uphold the "Spirit of the Game."
What is a "turnover" in Ultimate Frisbee?
A turnover occurs when a team fails to catch the disc, the disc is knocked down by a defender, or the receiver catches the disc outside the designated playing area.
- Quote paper
- Marieluise Bruch (Author), 2004, Ultimate Frisbee - A comparison between Germany and Scotland, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.hausarbeiten.de/document/45083
