Although it is widely recognised that environmental problems such as soil degradation erosion and desertification threaten sustained agricultural production in many States of northern Nigeria including Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto and Zamfara. Very little information is available about the current status of the potential impact of soil degradation and whether the situation is worsening in all the States of northern Nigeria. However, it is now clear that the major factor explaining the severity and spatial distribution of soil degradation such as erosion and desertification in northern Nigeria is associated with human impact such as deforestation and mismanagement of land resources. Other factors includes overgrazing, use of mechanized equipment, deforestation and lack of government concern to protect the environment in the region, but few studies have been made on applied issues related to the physical and chemical processes including erosion, runoff and leaching. These problems are widely considered as a serious problem to agricultural production and its environmental consequences will remain an important issue during the 21st century.
Possible solutions such as soil management practices will help to minimise/control soil degradations which caused serious hazards to farmer’s land in northern Nigeria. Sustainable soil management practices are vital for enhancing and sustaining the productivity of soil, food, livestock, water quality and other related land resources such as forestry in northern Nigeria. It is more efficient in terms of reduced environmental impact, high risk of soil degradation and soil erosion. These management practices are: (a) applying organic manure regularly, (b) growing cover crops in rotation with millet/sorghum, (c) Intercropping and multiple cropping systems, (d) crop rotation system, (e) planting shelter belt around the farm (f) minimum tillage system, (g) good drainage system and (h) good government policies. However two steps will help to achieve the successful implementaion of those management practices in northern Nigeria. These are: (a) good government policies with quality initiative and (b) general cooperation from individual, community and people in concerned.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Chapter 1 General introduction
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Area of study
- 1.3 Key soil types in the study area
- 1.4 Key crop growing and farming system
- 1.5 Aims and Objectives
- Chapter 2 Literature background
- 2.1 Soil and Agriculture
- 2.2 Drylands: meaning and characteristic features
- 2.3 Concept of soil evolution in history
- 2.4 Soil: properties and components
- 2.5 Physical property of soil
- 2.5.1 Soil texture
- 2.5.2 Soil structure
- 2.6 Soil organic matter
- 2.7 Fertile and productive soil in agriculture
- 2.8 Soil: an essential medium for growing crops
- 2.9 Environmental degradation and their consequences
- 2.9.1 Types of soil degradation process
- 2.9.2 Classes of land degradation severity
- 2.10 Soil erosion
- 2.10.1 Types of soil erosion
- 2.10.2 Erosion by water (rain)
- 2.10.3 Erosion by wind
- 2.10.4 Implications of soil erosion by water and wind
- 2.11 Desertification
- 2.11.1 Causes of desertification and implications
- 2.12 Soil sustainability: meaning and importance in agriculture
- 2.13 Sustainable soil management practices
- 2.13.1 Use of manure and composting in agriculture
- 2.13.2 Mulching
- 2.13.3 Intercropping
- 2.13.4 Crop rotation
- 2.13.5 Chemical fertilizers
- 2.13.6 Cover crops
- 2.13.7 Afforestation and Shelter belt
- 2.13.8 Tillage and contour ploughing
- 2.14 Summary of chapter 2
- Chapter 3 General discussions on key soil problems and their possible solutions in northern Nigeria
- 3.1 Key soil problems in northern Nigeria
- 3.1.1 Soil Erosion in northern Nigeria
- 3.1.2 Agents of soil erosion
- 3.1.3 Desertification in northern Nigeria
- 3.1.4 Potential impact of soil erosion and desertification in northern Nigeria
- 3.1.4.1 Impacts and causes of nutrient losses from soil
- 3.1.4.2 Impact and causes of decreased in crop yield
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This thesis aims to review the major soil problems and potential solutions for sustainable management in Northern Nigeria. The study focuses on understanding the challenges posed by soil degradation and desertification within the region's agricultural context. It explores various sustainable soil management practices and their applicability in improving soil health and crop yields.
- Soil degradation and desertification in Northern Nigeria
- Sustainable soil management practices
- Impact of soil erosion on crop yields
- The role of farming systems in soil health
- The effects of environmental degradation on agricultural productivity.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
Chapter 1 General introduction: This chapter sets the stage for the thesis, introducing the study area in Northern Nigeria, its key soil types, prevalent cropping systems, and the overall aims and objectives of the research. It provides essential background information, defining the scope of the investigation into sustainable soil management practices within the context of the region's specific agricultural challenges and environmental conditions. The introduction clearly delineates the research focus and lays the groundwork for the subsequent chapters which delve into the detailed literature review and analysis of soil problems.
Chapter 2 Literature background: This chapter presents a comprehensive review of existing literature related to soil science, dryland agriculture, soil degradation processes, and sustainable land management techniques. It explores the concepts of soil evolution, soil properties, and the crucial role of soil in agriculture. The chapter thoroughly examines various types of soil erosion and desertification, emphasizing their causes, consequences, and implications for agricultural productivity. The review also highlights the significance of sustainable soil management practices like mulching, intercropping, crop rotation, and afforestation, providing a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent analysis of soil problems in Northern Nigeria.
Chapter 3 General discussions on key soil problems and their possible solutions in northern Nigeria: This chapter focuses on the specific soil problems prevalent in Northern Nigeria, including soil erosion and desertification. It analyzes the agents causing these problems and explores their far-reaching impacts on agricultural productivity, nutrient loss, and decreased crop yields. This chapter acts as a bridge between the theoretical framework established in Chapter 2 and the practical implications for sustainable land management in the study area. It sets the stage for further investigation and the potential implementation of suitable solutions.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Sustainable soil management, dryland agriculture, soil erosion, desertification, Northern Nigeria, crop yields, sustainable farming practices, nutrient loss, environmental degradation, agricultural productivity.
Frequently Asked Questions: A Comprehensive Language Preview
What is the overall focus of this document?
This document provides a comprehensive preview of a thesis focusing on major soil problems and potential solutions for sustainable management in Northern Nigeria. It covers the introduction, literature review, objectives, key themes, chapter summaries, and keywords.
What are the main topics covered in the Table of Contents?
The table of contents details the structure of the thesis. It includes a general introduction, a thorough literature review on soil science, dryland agriculture, and sustainable land management, and a chapter dedicated to specific soil problems in Northern Nigeria and their potential solutions.
What are the key objectives and themes of the thesis?
The thesis aims to review major soil problems and potential solutions for sustainable management in Northern Nigeria. Key themes include soil degradation and desertification in the region, sustainable soil management practices, the impact of soil erosion on crop yields, the role of farming systems in soil health, and the effects of environmental degradation on agricultural productivity.
What are the key soil problems discussed in the thesis?
The thesis focuses on soil erosion and desertification in Northern Nigeria, examining their causes, agents, and far-reaching impacts on agricultural productivity, nutrient loss, and decreased crop yields.
What sustainable soil management practices are explored?
The document explores various sustainable soil management practices, including the use of manure and composting, mulching, intercropping, crop rotation, chemical fertilizers, cover crops, afforestation and shelter belts, tillage, and contour ploughing. The applicability of these practices in improving soil health and crop yields in Northern Nigeria is investigated.
What is the scope of the literature review (Chapter 2)?
Chapter 2 provides a comprehensive literature review covering soil science, dryland agriculture, soil degradation processes (including soil erosion and desertification), and sustainable land management techniques. It examines soil properties, the role of soil in agriculture, and the implications of soil degradation for agricultural productivity.
What does Chapter 3 focus on?
Chapter 3 focuses specifically on key soil problems in Northern Nigeria, such as soil erosion and desertification. It analyzes their causes and impacts, including nutrient loss and decreased crop yields, providing a bridge between the theoretical framework and practical implications for sustainable land management in the study area.
What keywords describe the thesis?
Keywords include: Sustainable soil management, dryland agriculture, soil erosion, desertification, Northern Nigeria, crop yields, sustainable farming practices, nutrient loss, environmental degradation, and agricultural productivity.
What is the purpose of the chapter summaries?
The chapter summaries provide concise overviews of each chapter's content, highlighting the key topics and findings. They offer a quick understanding of the thesis's structure and progression of ideas.
- Quote paper
- PhD Student Suleiman Usman (Author), 2007, Sustainable Soil Management of the Dryland Soils in Northern Nigeria, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.hausarbeiten.de/document/172291
