This research was conducted to assess the impact of health care statistics on health care planning in health care delivery among the staff of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex. Statistics is the scientific method for collecting. organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting data as well as drawing valid conclusion and making reasonable decision.
The study adopted a descriptive survey designed that was used to sample one hundred and ten (110) respondents by means of structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, simple percentage and chi-square in testing the hypothesis.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: : INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Significant of the study
1.5 Hypotheses
1.6 Scope of the study
1.7 Limitation of the study
1.8 Definitions of terms
CHAPTER 2: : REVIEW OF RELATED UTERATURE
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Overview of statistics
2.3 Concept of statistics
2.4 Sources of statistics
2.5 Objective of statistics
2.6 General functions of statistics
2.7 Importance of statistics in health information management department
2.8 Uses of statistics to health professionals
2.9 Benefits of statistics in health care field
2.10 Uses of statistics by hospital management
2.11 Limitation of statistics
2.12 Components necessary for calculation
2.13 Calculation of bed indices
2.14 Rates and units of measurement
2.15 Conceptual framework
CHAPTER 3: EE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research design
3.3 Study population
3.4 Sampling size and sampling techniques
3.5 Instrument for data collection
3.6 Validity and Reliability
3.7 Data collection procedure
3.8 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER 4: R: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data analysis
4.3 Discussion of findings
CHAPTER 5: E: SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMM ENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
References
Questionnaire
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to assess the Impact of Health Care Statistics on Health Care Planning in Health Care Delivery among the staff of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, OAUTHC, lle-1fe. Statistics is the scientific method for collecting. organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting data as well as drawing valid conclusion and making reasonable decision.
The study adopted a descriptive survey designed that was used to sample one hundred and ten (110) respondents by means of structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, simple percentage and chi-square in testing the Hypothesis.
It was observed ko171 this study that 80% of the respondents agreed that statistical information can be used to evaluate the patient care in health care delivery while 12% of the respondents disagreed and 8% of the respondents were indifference. Majority (48%) of the respondents agreed that health information managers/statisticians are well supported in the performance of their official duties while 33% of the respondents disagreed and 19% of the respondents were indifference. Majority (95%) of the respondents agreed that health care statistics has a significant purpose in health care delivery while 4% of the respondents disagreed and 1% of the respondent was indifference.
Since X[2] calculated > X[2] tabulated for the three (3) hypotheses, we therefore accept the H, for all the hypotheses and reject the H 0 and concluded that health information managers/statisticians should be well supported in the performance of their official duties since it's the only major problem encountered in this study.
It was recommended that adequate funding should be provided to ensure reliable data, the personnel involved in statistical collation and analysis should be exposed to training and retraining by going to seminars, workshops, etc., there should also be relevant facilities such as equipment and materials.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1. 1 BACKGROUD OF THE STUDY
The history of statistics started around 1749 but overtime, there have been changes to the interpretation of the word statistics. In early times, the meaning was restricted to information about states. This was later extended to include all collections of information of all types, and later it was extended to include the analysis and interpretation of such data. In modem terms, "statistics" means both set of collected information, as in financial accounts, temperature records, and analytical work, which require statistical inferences.
Statistical activities are often associated with model expression using probabilities, and require probability theory for them to be put on a firm theoretical basis. A number of statistical concepts have had an important impact on a wide range of sciences. These include the design of experiments and approaches to statistical inference, each of which can be considered to have their own sequence in the development of ideas underlying modern statistics.
By the 18th century, the term "statistics" is designated to be a systematic collection of demographic economic data by states. For at least two millennia, these data were mainly tabulations of human and material resources that might be taxed or put to military use. In the early 18th century, collection of information is intensified. And the meaning of "statistics" is broadened to include the discipline concerned with the collection, summary and analysis of data. Today, data are collected and statistics are computed and widely distributed in government, business, most of the sciences and sports, and even for many pastimes.
Electronic computers have expedited more elaborate statistical computation even as they have facilitated the collection and aggregation of data. A single data analyst may have available a set of data-files with millions of records, each with dozens or hundreds of separate measurements. These were collected over time for computer activity; for example, a stock exchange or from computerized sensors, point-of-sale registers, and so on. Computers then produce simple, accurate summaries and allow more tedious analysis, such as those that require inverting a large matrix or perform hundreds or steps of iteration that would never be attempted by hand. Faster computer has allowed statisticians to develop "computer-intensive" methods which may look at all permutations or use randomization to look at 10000 permutations of a problem, to estimate answers that are not easy to quantify by theory alone.
Statistics about the professional work performed in the hospital or health care facility are compiled and provided to users for a variety of reasons. These statistics, however, means something when the medical staff have a mutual understanding about the definition of terms used, what information is tabulated and why the data are collected. Reports to agencies and organizations outside the hospital have meaning when everyone concerned understands the definitions and parameters of the data requested.
Health Information Managers must not only know what the basic elements of data are, but also where they originate, how they can be compiled, where they are needed and the purpose for which they serve.
Statistics are fact set-down as figures. To serve their purpose, such figures must be relevant and they must be reliable if anyone is to evaluate them accurately and use them for decision making. Preparing statistics involve the collection, analysis interpretation and presentation of facts as numbers.
Statistics are only as accurate as the original documents from which they are taken. The health information management director must decide whether or not the contents of health records meet statistical needs. The kind and extent of data collected and the use made of them vary from one health care institution to another. The hospital administration and governing body use statistics to compare current operation with the past and as a guide in planning for the future. The medical staff uses statistics to appraise its own medical performance. Reports compiled for outside agencies and organizations on a local, state and national level are used by them to list, accredit, license and approve hospitals and other health care institutions to disburse funds.
Health information is the primary source of data in compiling health statistics. In many hospitals health information management department personnel registers birth, death and fetal death (still births) and are responsible for reporting certain diseases such as communicable diseases to public health agencies.
1. 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Statistics is being increasingly used as a tool for planning in nearly every aspect of our national life and with this, the statistics collection, compilation and analysis are associated with some problems which are stated below:
1. Lack of trained personnel.
2. Lack of continuous training for the health information managers.
3. Lack of manpower.
4. Lack of relevant equipment and materials.
5. Improper funding.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The general objective of the study is to access the impact of health care statistics on health care planning in health care delivery in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), lle-lfe, Osun State.
The specific objectives are:
1. To examine how statistical information are used in health care evaluation.
2. To assess the support rendered to the health information managers/statisticians in the performance of their official duties.
3. To examine the purpose of health care statistics in health care delivery.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study is conducted to examine the importance of statistics toward efficient health care:
- To identify the role that statistics plays in patient care.
- To evaluate a possible ways for corrective measures in health planning
- To educate others on how to promote efficient health care delivery by the means of statistics
- To serve as a guide that will enable the medical personnel to examine their level of performance.
- To have more knowledge on statistics.
1.5 HYPOTHESES
In achieving the objectives stated below, the following propositions will be tested.
1. H0: Statistical information cannot be used to evaluate the patients care in health care delivery.
H1: Statistical information can be used to evaluate the patients care in health care delivery.
2. H0: Health information managers/statisticians are well supported in the performance of their official duties
H1: Health information managers/statisticians are not supported in the performance of their official duties.
3. H0: Health care statistics does not have a significant purpose in health care delivery H1: Health care statistics have a significant purpose in health care delivery.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research study examines the impact of health care statistics on health care planning in health care delivery among staffs and students of Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), lle-lfe.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In the course of this study, the major problems encountered include:
- Inadequate electricity power supply
- Misplacement of questionnaire by some respondents
- Insufficient fund
- Limited time
1.8 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
- Health: A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being of an individual and not merely in the absence of disease or infirmity.
- Statistics: is a scientific method for collecting, organizing, summarizing, presenting and analysis of data which can be used for the making of better decisions. On the other hand, statistics is a scientific approach to information presently useful in a numeric form.
- Hospital Statistics: Are data collected on patient at registration, clinic attendance, admission, and discharge, it also contains information on casualty anti emergency cases.
- Health Statistics: Is the numerical information on all aspect of health of a population including mobility and mortality statistics and ail other patient information which are related to health and health services.
- Health Care: Is the provision of medical care for uses and treatment of diagnosis and prevention of disease, illness, injury and other physical and mental impairments in hitman. Health care is delivered and practitioners in medicine. Dentistry, nurses, pharmacy, health information, health and other care providers. It refers to the work done in primary care, secondary care and tertiary care as well in public health.
- Health Care Planning: Is the process whereby health care system and organizations established undergo to meet the health needs of targeted population.
- Health Care Delivery: Refers to the service rendered to the patient in the health institution either by Doctors, Nurses and other health professional team contributing to the care of patient.
- Assessment: Refers to a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of client and how those needs will be meet and delivered by the health care system.
- Impact: The importance or benefit of statistics on health care services.
- Data: This is referred to as the facts and figures, which have not been processed.
- Information: This is referred to as the data that have been processed and it can be used for decision making.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the review of literature, theoretical and conceptual model adopted in the study.
2.2 OVERVIEW OF STATISTICS
The term statistics is ultimately derived from the New Latin word tagged Statisticum collegiums ("council of state") and the Italian word Statista ("statesman" or "politician"). The German statistik, first introduced by Gottfoed Achenwall (1749), originally designated the analysis of data about the state, signifying the "science of state"(then called political arithmetic in English). It acquired the meaning of the collection and classification of data generally in the early 19th century.
Thus, the original principal purpose of statistic was collection of data to be used by governmental and (often centralized) administrative bodies. The collection of data about states and localities continues largely through national and international statistical services. The first book to have 'statistics' in its title was "contribution to vital statistic"(1845) by Francis GP Nelson.
Basic forms of statistics have been used since the beginning of civilization. Early empires often collated censuses of the population or recorded the trade in various commodities. The earliest writing on statistics was found in a 91h century book entitled "Manuscript on Deciphering Cryptographic messages"(801-873CE). In his book, A1-kindi gave a detailed description of how to use statistics and frequency analysis to decipher encrypted messages. This text arguably gave rise to the birth of both statistics and crypt analysis.
The word statistics was first used in the eighteen century to describe a series of facts and figures collected together and relating to the state, such as figures about trades, the number of the population and the mortality from diseases. It is believed to have derived from the Italian word STATISTI meaning statesmen.
It is used now in two different senses. Firstly it means a collection of numerical facts, rather in the same way as it was originally applied.
Statistics has different meanings depending on individual understanding of it.
Statistics are facts represented in figures. In early days, facts and figures are mainly used for taxation and conscription. These facts and figures were also known as Federal Arithmetic. According to G. Udny Yule in his book An Introduction to the Theory of Statistics (1927), statistics may be defined as numerical stated facts which imply a mass of quantitative data. By statistics we mean quantitative data affected to a marked extent by a multiplicity of causes.
According to Gupter (1992), statistics can be defined as the scientific method for collecting, organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting data as well as drawing valid conclusion and making reasonable decision.
According to Marguerite F. Hall in her book Public Health Statistics, statistics is a technique used to collect, summarize and analyze or interpret numerical data.
Abel Mizrahr and Michael Sullivant (1979), defined statistics as a branch of mathematics which deals with collection, presentation, classification, tabulation, analyzing and interpretation of numerical information toward decision making.
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