The main objective of this study was to develop online self learning material of English grammar for the Students, aiming to inculcate the habit of self learning. It was designed by considering the need of the students of class XI and XII . To enable the students to access material with their own convenience, the developed online learning material was uploaded on the website, developed by the investigator. Using multi-stage sampling technique, eight Higher Secondary Schools, from Maharashtra were selected. Non-equivalent control group design was employed. Objective of the study was to compare adjusted mean scores of concept attainment of English grammar concepts of students learnt through online learning material and conventional method by considering pre-attainment of English Grammar Concepts as co-variate.
The data related to this objective were analyzed with the help of analysis of covariance.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
HYPOTHESIS
METHOD
RESULTS
DISCUSSIONS ON RESULS AND IMPLICATIONS
IMPLICATIONS
REFERENCES:
INTRODUCTION
English language teaching and learning patterns are changing rapidly and profoundly due to the emergence and expansion of this global language along with technological innovations and the increasing need for learner autonomy. Such welcome changes necessitate new demands and challenges in teaching education programmes in general and English language teaching programme in particular. The present study was undertaken with the aim to help the students of Higher Secondary to study English grammar with their own convenience and pace. For this purpose the web site named www.learngrammareasy.com” has been developed by the investigator for the students of higher secondary level. At the higher secondary level learners are mature enough to learn by self motivation; therefore higher secondary level has been selected for this study. Each student is a unique individual, different in cognitive and affective development, social maturity, ability, motivation, aspiration, learning styles, needs, interests and potential. To deal with the individual differences self learning material can be prepared in various forms Like Module, and Programmed Learning Material., Concept Map and PPTs.
Self Learning Material can be developed in print as well as online form. This is the age of Information and Communication technology dominated by the Digital Technology. The Digital Technology has influenced all aspects of human life. Education is not an exception. Now-a-days Computer is used for teaching purpose. It gave birth to Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI). Researchers started developing CAI for teaching different subjects at School as well as Higher Education level. The developed CAIs were compared with the Traditional Method and found that the developed CAIs were significantly superior to Traditional Method in teaching different subjects. Das (1998) explored effectiveness of CAI material on Rhymes; Zyoud (1999) developed CAI Programmed for English Language; and Barot (2009) developed CAI programmed for Sanskrit Language. Dammni, K. (2009)., Dammani, K. and Indani, M. (2010) Dammani k. & Indani. M. (2013). found that meaningful learning strategy prove useful for teaching English grammar. Dammani k. & Indani. M. (2015) found that listening skill can be developed by ICT based training strategy. Indani, M. & Dammani , K. (2015) compared PLM Print, PLM Digital and Lecture Strategy in terms of Understanding English Grammar Concepts, and reported that PLM in digitalized form prove to most effective in terms of Understanding the concepts and reaction towards the developed PLMs. Indani M., & Dammani K. (2016). Developed Self Learning Material for English Grammar and it was found to be effective in terms of Concept Attainment. It was found that there is a dearth of researches in which Web sites or Web based Online Self Learning Material was developed for teaching and learning English grammar, keeping in view this lacuna in the teaching-learning process of English Grammar, the present study is undertaken.
OBJECTIVES
The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:-
1. To develop Online Self Learning Materials for English Grammar for the students of Higher Secondary Level.
2. To develop website for Online Self Learning Material.
3. To compare adjusted mean scores of Concept Attainment of English Grammar Concepts of students learnt through Online and Conventional Method by considering Pre- Concept Attainment of English Grammar Concepts as covariate.
HYPOTHESIS
The Null Hypothesis was formed
1. There is no significant difference in the adjusted mean score of Concept Attainment of English Grammar Concepts of students learnt through Online and Conventional Method by considering Pre- Concept Attainment of English Grammar Concepts as covariate
Operational Definitions of the TECHNICAL TERMS:-
Tailor made Website: - If you say that someone or something is tailor-made for a particular task, purpose, or need, you are emphasizing that they are perfectly suitable for it. Here website is perfectly suitable for teaching English Grammar to class XI and XII class students. www.learngrammareasy.com , was specially developed by the Investigator to upload the Self Learning Material
Self Learning Material:- The materials which have been developed for self learning means learning without the help of teaches or parents are called self learning material. It means students can learn grammar according to their pace, availability of time, place and grasping power. They can revise the matter as they wish. In the present study, the researcher has developed self learning material for English Grammar for the topics: Adjectives, Degrees, Change the Voice, Reported Speech, Clauses and Sentences. These topics are useful for learners of all levels but particularly it was developed for XI and XII class students.
Higher Secondary students / Junior college:- Class XI and XII are called as Higher Secondary Level , while In Maharashtra class XI and XII are attached with College and called as Junior college.
METHOD
1.) Research Methodology
The main aim of the study was to develop the Online Self Learning Material for English Grammar and to study its effectiveness in terms of Concept Attainment of English Grammar. While developing self learning material content analysis method was used. After development of Self Learning Material, to study its effectiveness, experimental research method was used. The research design applied for conducting experiment was Non-equivalent Control Group Design. According to Campbell and Stenley (1963), the layout of this design is as given under:
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Where O1 and O2 are pre-test and O3 and O4 are post test and X is experimental treatment. Eight different groups were selected from the randomly selected colleges. These eight groups were randomly divided into two group i.e. experimental group and control group.In the present research study the variables are as follows:
i) Dependent Variables: Achievement Scores
ii) Independent Variables: Self study material on the website and in CDs
iii) External variables: Students’ Interest, Medium of Instructions, Socio- economic status of students
It was an experimental study, in which before starting experiment, Online Self Learning Material for English grammar was developed in digitalized form. The website named www.learngrammareasy.com was developed.
2.) Population and Sample
The present study was experiment in nature. It was conducted in higher secondary schools of Jalgaon District. All the students studying in higher secondary classes in XI and XII standard situated in Jalgaon district, studied in the year 2013-14 constituted the population for present study. As the study was completed in two stages, sample was also selected at two stages. Firstly it was selected for Pilot study and secondly it was selected for Experimental study. Different sampling techniques were employed to select sample at both the stages. In Jalgaon district there were total 16 higher secondary schools, these higher secondary schools called as junior colleges in Maharashtra. From these colleges (Higher Secondary Schools) using Purposive Sampling techniques, one college namely M.J. College was selected for execution of pilot study. Total 30 students of XI & XII standard were selected from Arts, Science and Commerce discipline.
After the pilot study, the final study was conducted for which the sample was drawn from the same population. The sample for the experiment was selected by using Multi Stage Sampling method of Probability Sampling Technique. Firstly, two residential areas Urban and Rural were selected. Secondly, from these two areas two colleges from each area were selected. On the third stage, from these colleges two classes XI and XII and three disciplines; Arts, Commerce and Science were selected. From these four colleges two colleges were randomly assigned for Experimental group and two were randomly assigned for Control group. The randomly selected colleges were Advocate Sitaram (Baban Bhau) Anandramji Baheti, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jalgaon and Arts, Commerce and Science College, Shendurni formed the Experiment Group. While J.D.M.V.P.S. Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jalgaon and Kisan Arts, Commerce and Science college, Parola formed Control Group. All these colleges were having Arts, Commerce and Science discipline and these all are co educated collages. In all 766 students were included in the sample. The distribution of the sample for the study is given in the Table 1.1.
Table 1.1: Residential area wise, Class wise and Branch wise distribution of the sample
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3) Tools and Techniques
a) Concept Attainment Test: - In the present research study data was collected by using English Concept Attainment Test on grammar developed by the Investigator. It is an objective type test of thirty five marks. It is divided into four parts: Part A: Select Me; Part B: Odd One Out; Part C: Select Right One; and Part D: Guess who am I? Clear instructions are given in the test for answering the questions. It was also planned that the types of questions in the test did not favour any one methodology.
b) Online Self Learning Material: - Online Self Study Material was developed in the form of Concept Map, PLM, PPT and Mind Map.
c) Tailor Made Website: www.learngrammareasy.com, was specially developed by the Investigator to upload the Self Learning Material.
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